What is protein kinase and why are they important?

Protein kinases (PTKs) are enzymes that regulate the biological activity of proteins by phosphorylation of specific amino acids with ATP as the source of phosphate, thereby inducing a conformational change from an inactive to an active form of the protein. From: Medicinal Chemistry of Anticancer Drugs, 2008.Click to see full answer. In this way, what is the role of protein kinase?A protein kinase is a kinase enzyme that modifies other proteins by chemically adding phosphate groups to them (phosphorylation). Phosphorylation usually results in a functional change of the target protein (substrate) by changing enzyme activity, cellular location, or association with other proteins.Similarly, what happens when protein kinase is activated? Protein kinase A (PKA) is activated by the binding of cyclic AMP (cAMP), which causes it to undergo a conformational change. As previously mentioned, PKA then goes on to phosphoylate other proteins in a phosphorylation cascade (which required ATP hydrolysis). Similarly one may ask, what are protein phosphatases and why are they so important? Protein phosphatases are a group of enzymes, found ubiquitously, which are responsible for the dephosphorylation of various proteins and enzymes in a cell. This role is an extremely important one since protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation is required for the regulation of a large number of cellular activities.What is the function of protein kinase quizlet?Protein kinases activate enzymes by phosphorylating or adding phosphate groups to them. Protein phosphatases dephosphorylate or remove phosphate groups from enzymes, including protein kinases.